Edit File: sftp_file.py
# Copyright (C) 2003-2007 Robey Pointer <robeypointer@gmail.com> # # This file is part of paramiko. # # Paramiko is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the # terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free # Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) # any later version. # # Paramiko is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY # WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR # A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more # details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License # along with Paramiko; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., # 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA. """ SFTP file object """ from __future__ import with_statement from binascii import hexlify from collections import deque import socket import threading import time from paramiko.common import DEBUG from paramiko.file import BufferedFile from paramiko.py3compat import long from paramiko.sftp import CMD_CLOSE, CMD_READ, CMD_DATA, SFTPError, CMD_WRITE, \ CMD_STATUS, CMD_FSTAT, CMD_ATTRS, CMD_FSETSTAT, CMD_EXTENDED from paramiko.sftp_attr import SFTPAttributes class SFTPFile (BufferedFile): """ Proxy object for a file on the remote server, in client mode SFTP. Instances of this class may be used as context managers in the same way that built-in Python file objects are. """ # Some sftp servers will choke if you send read/write requests larger than # this size. MAX_REQUEST_SIZE = 32768 def __init__(self, sftp, handle, mode='r', bufsize=-1): BufferedFile.__init__(self) self.sftp = sftp self.handle = handle BufferedFile._set_mode(self, mode, bufsize) self.pipelined = False self._prefetching = False self._prefetch_done = False self._prefetch_data = {} self._prefetch_extents = {} self._prefetch_lock = threading.Lock() self._saved_exception = None self._reqs = deque() def __del__(self): self._close(async=True) def close(self): """ Close the file. """ self._close(async=False) def _close(self, async=False): # We allow double-close without signaling an error, because real # Python file objects do. However, we must protect against actually # sending multiple CMD_CLOSE packets, because after we close our # handle, the same handle may be re-allocated by the server, and we # may end up mysteriously closing some random other file. (This is # especially important because we unconditionally call close() from # __del__.) if self._closed: return self.sftp._log(DEBUG, 'close(%s)' % hexlify(self.handle)) if self.pipelined: self.sftp._finish_responses(self) BufferedFile.close(self) try: if async: # GC'd file handle could be called from an arbitrary thread -- don't wait for a response self.sftp._async_request(type(None), CMD_CLOSE, self.handle) else: self.sftp._request(CMD_CLOSE, self.handle) except EOFError: # may have outlived the Transport connection pass except (IOError, socket.error): # may have outlived the Transport connection pass def _data_in_prefetch_requests(self, offset, size): k = [x for x in list(self._prefetch_extents.values()) if x[0] <= offset] if len(k) == 0: return False k.sort(key=lambda x: x[0]) buf_offset, buf_size = k[-1] if buf_offset + buf_size <= offset: # prefetch request ends before this one begins return False if buf_offset + buf_size >= offset + size: # inclusive return True # well, we have part of the request. see if another chunk has the rest. return self._data_in_prefetch_requests(buf_offset + buf_size, offset + size - buf_offset - buf_size) def _data_in_prefetch_buffers(self, offset): """ if a block of data is present in the prefetch buffers, at the given offset, return the offset of the relevant prefetch buffer. otherwise, return None. this guarantees nothing about the number of bytes collected in the prefetch buffer so far. """ k = [i for i in self._prefetch_data.keys() if i <= offset] if len(k) == 0: return None index = max(k) buf_offset = offset - index if buf_offset >= len(self._prefetch_data[index]): # it's not here return None return index def _read_prefetch(self, size): """ read data out of the prefetch buffer, if possible. if the data isn't in the buffer, return None. otherwise, behaves like a normal read. """ # while not closed, and haven't fetched past the current position, and haven't reached EOF... while True: offset = self._data_in_prefetch_buffers(self._realpos) if offset is not None: break if self._prefetch_done or self._closed: break self.sftp._read_response() self._check_exception() if offset is None: self._prefetching = False return None prefetch = self._prefetch_data[offset] del self._prefetch_data[offset] buf_offset = self._realpos - offset if buf_offset > 0: self._prefetch_data[offset] = prefetch[:buf_offset] prefetch = prefetch[buf_offset:] if size < len(prefetch): self._prefetch_data[self._realpos + size] = prefetch[size:] prefetch = prefetch[:size] return prefetch def _read(self, size): size = min(size, self.MAX_REQUEST_SIZE) if self._prefetching: data = self._read_prefetch(size) if data is not None: return data t, msg = self.sftp._request(CMD_READ, self.handle, long(self._realpos), int(size)) if t != CMD_DATA: raise SFTPError('Expected data') return msg.get_string() def _write(self, data): # may write less than requested if it would exceed max packet size chunk = min(len(data), self.MAX_REQUEST_SIZE) self._reqs.append(self.sftp._async_request(type(None), CMD_WRITE, self.handle, long(self._realpos), data[:chunk])) if not self.pipelined or (len(self._reqs) > 100 and self.sftp.sock.recv_ready()): while len(self._reqs): req = self._reqs.popleft() t, msg = self.sftp._read_response(req) if t != CMD_STATUS: raise SFTPError('Expected status') # convert_status already called return chunk def settimeout(self, timeout): """ Set a timeout on read/write operations on the underlying socket or ssh `.Channel`. :param float timeout: seconds to wait for a pending read/write operation before raising ``socket.timeout``, or ``None`` for no timeout .. seealso:: `.Channel.settimeout` """ self.sftp.sock.settimeout(timeout) def gettimeout(self): """ Returns the timeout in seconds (as a `float`) associated with the socket or ssh `.Channel` used for this file. .. seealso:: `.Channel.gettimeout` """ return self.sftp.sock.gettimeout() def setblocking(self, blocking): """ Set blocking or non-blocking mode on the underiying socket or ssh `.Channel`. :param int blocking: 0 to set non-blocking mode; non-0 to set blocking mode. .. seealso:: `.Channel.setblocking` """ self.sftp.sock.setblocking(blocking) def seekable(self): """ Check if the file supports random access. :return: `True` if the file supports random access. If `False`, :meth:`seek` will raise an exception """ return True def seek(self, offset, whence=0): self.flush() if whence == self.SEEK_SET: self._realpos = self._pos = offset elif whence == self.SEEK_CUR: self._pos += offset self._realpos = self._pos else: self._realpos = self._pos = self._get_size() + offset self._rbuffer = bytes() def stat(self): """ Retrieve information about this file from the remote system. This is exactly like `.SFTPClient.stat`, except that it operates on an already-open file. :return: an `.SFTPAttributes` object containing attributes about this file. """ t, msg = self.sftp._request(CMD_FSTAT, self.handle) if t != CMD_ATTRS: raise SFTPError('Expected attributes') return SFTPAttributes._from_msg(msg) def chmod(self, mode): """ Change the mode (permissions) of this file. The permissions are unix-style and identical to those used by Python's `os.chmod` function. :param int mode: new permissions """ self.sftp._log(DEBUG, 'chmod(%s, %r)' % (hexlify(self.handle), mode)) attr = SFTPAttributes() attr.st_mode = mode self.sftp._request(CMD_FSETSTAT, self.handle, attr) def chown(self, uid, gid): """ Change the owner (``uid``) and group (``gid``) of this file. As with Python's `os.chown` function, you must pass both arguments, so if you only want to change one, use `stat` first to retrieve the current owner and group. :param int uid: new owner's uid :param int gid: new group id """ self.sftp._log(DEBUG, 'chown(%s, %r, %r)' % (hexlify(self.handle), uid, gid)) attr = SFTPAttributes() attr.st_uid, attr.st_gid = uid, gid self.sftp._request(CMD_FSETSTAT, self.handle, attr) def utime(self, times): """ Set the access and modified times of this file. If ``times`` is ``None``, then the file's access and modified times are set to the current time. Otherwise, ``times`` must be a 2-tuple of numbers, of the form ``(atime, mtime)``, which is used to set the access and modified times, respectively. This bizarre API is mimicked from Python for the sake of consistency -- I apologize. :param tuple times: ``None`` or a tuple of (access time, modified time) in standard internet epoch time (seconds since 01 January 1970 GMT) """ if times is None: times = (time.time(), time.time()) self.sftp._log(DEBUG, 'utime(%s, %r)' % (hexlify(self.handle), times)) attr = SFTPAttributes() attr.st_atime, attr.st_mtime = times self.sftp._request(CMD_FSETSTAT, self.handle, attr) def truncate(self, size): """ Change the size of this file. This usually extends or shrinks the size of the file, just like the ``truncate()`` method on Python file objects. :param size: the new size of the file :type size: int or long """ self.sftp._log(DEBUG, 'truncate(%s, %r)' % (hexlify(self.handle), size)) attr = SFTPAttributes() attr.st_size = size self.sftp._request(CMD_FSETSTAT, self.handle, attr) def check(self, hash_algorithm, offset=0, length=0, block_size=0): """ Ask the server for a hash of a section of this file. This can be used to verify a successful upload or download, or for various rsync-like operations. The file is hashed from ``offset``, for ``length`` bytes. If ``length`` is 0, the remainder of the file is hashed. Thus, if both ``offset`` and ``length`` are zero, the entire file is hashed. Normally, ``block_size`` will be 0 (the default), and this method will return a byte string representing the requested hash (for example, a string of length 16 for MD5, or 20 for SHA-1). If a non-zero ``block_size`` is given, each chunk of the file (from ``offset`` to ``offset + length``) of ``block_size`` bytes is computed as a separate hash. The hash results are all concatenated and returned as a single string. For example, ``check('sha1', 0, 1024, 512)`` will return a string of length 40. The first 20 bytes will be the SHA-1 of the first 512 bytes of the file, and the last 20 bytes will be the SHA-1 of the next 512 bytes. :param str hash_algorithm: the name of the hash algorithm to use (normally ``"sha1"`` or ``"md5"``) :param offset: offset into the file to begin hashing (0 means to start from the beginning) :type offset: int or long :param length: number of bytes to hash (0 means continue to the end of the file) :type length: int or long :param int block_size: number of bytes to hash per result (must not be less than 256; 0 means to compute only one hash of the entire segment) :type block_size: int :return: `str` of bytes representing the hash of each block, concatenated together :raises IOError: if the server doesn't support the "check-file" extension, or possibly doesn't support the hash algorithm requested .. note:: Many (most?) servers don't support this extension yet. .. versionadded:: 1.4 """ t, msg = self.sftp._request(CMD_EXTENDED, 'check-file', self.handle, hash_algorithm, long(offset), long(length), block_size) ext = msg.get_text() alg = msg.get_text() data = msg.get_remainder() return data def set_pipelined(self, pipelined=True): """ Turn on/off the pipelining of write operations to this file. When pipelining is on, paramiko won't wait for the server response after each write operation. Instead, they're collected as they come in. At the first non-write operation (including `.close`), all remaining server responses are collected. This means that if there was an error with one of your later writes, an exception might be thrown from within `.close` instead of `.write`. By default, files are not pipelined. :param bool pipelined: ``True`` if pipelining should be turned on for this file; ``False`` otherwise .. versionadded:: 1.5 """ self.pipelined = pipelined def prefetch(self, file_size=None): """ Pre-fetch the remaining contents of this file in anticipation of future `.read` calls. If reading the entire file, pre-fetching can dramatically improve the download speed by avoiding roundtrip latency. The file's contents are incrementally buffered in a background thread. The prefetched data is stored in a buffer until read via the `.read` method. Once data has been read, it's removed from the buffer. The data may be read in a random order (using `.seek`); chunks of the buffer that haven't been read will continue to be buffered. :param int file_size: When this is ``None`` (the default), this method calls `stat` to determine the remote file size. In some situations, doing so can cause exceptions or hangs (see `#562 <https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko/pull/562>`_); as a workaround, one may call `stat` explicitly and pass its value in via this parameter. .. versionadded:: 1.5.1 .. versionchanged:: 1.16.0 The ``file_size`` parameter was added (with no default value). .. versionchanged:: 1.16.1 The ``file_size`` parameter was made optional for backwards compatibility. """ if file_size is None: file_size = self.stat().st_size; # queue up async reads for the rest of the file chunks = [] n = self._realpos while n < file_size: chunk = min(self.MAX_REQUEST_SIZE, file_size - n) chunks.append((n, chunk)) n += chunk if len(chunks) > 0: self._start_prefetch(chunks) def readv(self, chunks): """ Read a set of blocks from the file by (offset, length). This is more efficient than doing a series of `.seek` and `.read` calls, since the prefetch machinery is used to retrieve all the requested blocks at once. :param chunks: a list of (offset, length) tuples indicating which sections of the file to read :type chunks: list(tuple(long, int)) :return: a list of blocks read, in the same order as in ``chunks`` .. versionadded:: 1.5.4 """ self.sftp._log(DEBUG, 'readv(%s, %r)' % (hexlify(self.handle), chunks)) read_chunks = [] for offset, size in chunks: # don't fetch data that's already in the prefetch buffer if self._data_in_prefetch_buffers(offset) or self._data_in_prefetch_requests(offset, size): continue # break up anything larger than the max read size while size > 0: chunk_size = min(size, self.MAX_REQUEST_SIZE) read_chunks.append((offset, chunk_size)) offset += chunk_size size -= chunk_size self._start_prefetch(read_chunks) # now we can just devolve to a bunch of read()s :) for x in chunks: self.seek(x[0]) yield self.read(x[1]) ### internals... def _get_size(self): try: return self.stat().st_size except: return 0 def _start_prefetch(self, chunks): self._prefetching = True self._prefetch_done = False t = threading.Thread(target=self._prefetch_thread, args=(chunks,)) t.setDaemon(True) t.start() def _prefetch_thread(self, chunks): # do these read requests in a temporary thread because there may be # a lot of them, so it may block. for offset, length in chunks: num = self.sftp._async_request(self, CMD_READ, self.handle, long(offset), int(length)) with self._prefetch_lock: self._prefetch_extents[num] = (offset, length) def _async_response(self, t, msg, num): if t == CMD_STATUS: # save exception and re-raise it on next file operation try: self.sftp._convert_status(msg) except Exception as e: self._saved_exception = e return if t != CMD_DATA: raise SFTPError('Expected data') data = msg.get_string() while True: with self._prefetch_lock: # spin if in race with _prefetch_thread if num in self._prefetch_extents: offset, length = self._prefetch_extents[num] self._prefetch_data[offset] = data del self._prefetch_extents[num] if len(self._prefetch_extents) == 0: self._prefetch_done = True break def _check_exception(self): """if there's a saved exception, raise & clear it""" if self._saved_exception is not None: x = self._saved_exception self._saved_exception = None raise x